Open Questions: Glossary of Life Sciences

Acetylation
Adenovirus
Allele
Amino acid
Antisense
Apoptosis
Archaea
B cell
Bacteriophage
Base: A type of organic molecule, certain examples of which occur in the nucleotides of DNA and RNA. The bases which actually occur are adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine (DNA), and uracil (RNA).
Blastocyte
Centromere
Centrosome
Chloroplast
Chromatin
Chromosome
Cladistics
Codon
Complement
Crossing over
Cyanobacteria
Cytokine
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Diploidy
DNA
Endosymbiosis: The theory that eukaryotic cell organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, originated as free-living bacteria which were incorporated symbiotically into the earliest forms of eukaryotic cells.
Enhanceosome
Enhancer
Enzyme
Epigenetics
Eukaryotic cell
Expressed sequence tags
Exon
G protein
Gamete
Gene
Genotype
Germ line
Glycosylation
Haploidy
Homozygous
Histone
Homeobox
Hormone
Hox gene
Heterozygous
Imprinting
Inclusive fitness
Intron
Macrophage
Meiosis
Messenger RNA
Metazoan
Methylation
Microsatellite
Microtuble
Mitochondrion
Mitosis
Neurotransmitter
Nucleosome
Nucleotide: A simple organic molecule which is the basic unit of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA). A nucleotide, in turn, consists of a sugar -- ribose (in RNA) or deoxyribose (DNA) -- plus a base plus a phosphate group (PO₄).
Nucleus
Oncogene
Organelle
Parthenogenesis
Peptide
Peptide nucleic acid
Phenotype
Phosphorylation
Plasmid
Polymerase
Polymerase chain reaction
Polypeptide
Prokaryotic cell
Promoter region
Protease
Protein
Protist: A single-celled eukaryotic organism, such as an amoeba. A member of the taxonomic kingdom called Protista.
Protozoan
Retrovirus
Restriction enzyme
Reverse transcriptase
Ribosome
Ribozyme
RNA
RNA interference
Single nucleotide polymorphism
Speciation
Spliceosome
Stem cell
Stromatolite
Symbiogenesis: Another name for the theory known as endosymbiosis.
T cell
Telomerase
Telomere
Transcriptase
Transcription factor: A protein which activates or represses the expression of a gene.
Transfer RNA
Transposon
Zygote

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